With so many types of laser cutters for wood out there, choosing the right laser engraving and cutting machine can be a daunting experience with plenty of pitfalls along the way. In this article, I will take an honest and practical look at some of the most common questions customers have when purchasing their first laser cutter for wood.
The mechanism behind using laser cutter for wood
Laser cutting involves utilizing energy of high power density, produced post-laser focusing, to process sheet metals. Laser cutting stands out over conventional sheet metal processing methods in offering the benefits of superior cutting quality, increased cutting speed, and broad material versatility. Currently, the application of laser cutting technology is extensive in handling both metals and non-metal substances, significantly cutting down the time, lowering the costs, and enhancing the quality of the components.
Types of laser cutter for wood
According to the type of laser, laser cutting machines for wood can be divided into three types: YAG laser cutting machines, CO2 laser cutting machines, fiber laser cutting machines. They replace human labor to better complete the cutting task. Three types of laser cutting machines are their own characteristics.
1.YAG laser cutting machine
This kind of laser cutting machine is slightly slower, high precision, the whole machine does not need processing gas, and can process a variety of materials.
2.CO2 laser cutting machine
CO2 laser cutting machine is fast, high precision, requires a variety of processing gases, low photoelectric conversion rate, and high power consumption.
3.Fiber laser cutting machine
This kind of laser cutting machine has fast speed, high precision, and mostly adopts gantry structure, high photoelectric conversion rate, low power consumption, and the laser does not need working gas. The cost of using a fiber laser cutting machine is only that of traditional equipment—fiber lasers can also reduce the use of lenses, greatly reducing production and maintenance costs.
Points to consider in selecting wood
Multiple aspects must be weighed while choosing wood for laser slicing.
1.Timber possessing few streaks
Seeking wood with low streaking is essential. The presence of mineral streaks may disrupt laser cuttings, resulting in the disappearance of detailed features. Choose trees that have fewer streaks to pave the way for artistic excellence.
2.The amount of resin present in the wood.
Elevated levels of resin might lead to deeper burning,, whereas lower resin amounts yield lighter burning. The specific moment and location of the tree’s cutting can influence the resin’s strength. To achieve a rich, intense burn, select wood varieties rich in resin, such as alder or cherry woods. Opting for oak is wise to add a delicate feel.
3.Smooth and fine grain
A smooth surface will make your laser cuts look neater and more precise. Avoid woods with big knots or strange color patterns, as they can disrupt the laser cuts.
4.Thickness and density
Consider the requirements of your project and the capabilities of your laser cutter. Lighter woods are suitable for diode laser engravers, while more powerful CO2 laser engravers can handle thicker woods.
Factors to consider when choosing laser cutter for wood
1.Your needs
Consider the size of the projects you plan to undertake. Do you need a machine capable of handling large sheets of wood or smaller, more intricate designs? Also, consider the volume of work; commercial operations will require a more robust machine compared to hobbyist projects.Different woods have different densities and resin content, which can affect the cutting process. Machines may vary in effectiveness with different types of wood like balsa, birch, or hardwoods.
2.Technical specifications
In terms of power output, measured in watts, the power output affects the cutter’s ability to cut through different thicknesses and types of wood. More powerful lasers can cut thicker materials faster but may be more expensive. In terms of work area: The size of the work area will determine the maximum size of wood you can cut or engrave at one time. Make sure the machine’s work area suits your typical project size. Higher speed capabilities can increase production rate, while greater accuracy ensures finer details in your projects.
3.Budget and cost of ownership
On the one hand of initial Cost, laser cutters can vary significantly in price. Determine your budget and consider how the cutter fits into your financial plan. On the other hand of maintenance and consumables, some laser cutters require more maintenance than others. Also, consider the cost of replacement parts and consumables like lenses and mirrors.
Final thoughts
In conclusion, choosing the proper laser cutter for wood is a pivotal step in ensuring the success and precision of your projects. On the one hand, you need to consider the wood that will be cut. Softwoods like pine and spruce provide versatility and ease of use, making them ideal for beginner-friendly projects. One the other hand, you need to think clearly about your cutting needs, technical specifications and budget of ownership.Therefore, choosing a cutting machine requires you to carefully consider the above factors. Well, we hope that this guide has taught you something important involved with buying a laser cutter for wood.